使用SpringBoot入门案例
使用SpringBoot入门案例
一、创建项目
二、给根项目UnicomCmp的pom.xml,加入parent节点(spring-boot-starter-parent)
<!--Add Spring boot Parent-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
三、为子模块UnicomCmp-Web的pom.xml添加下列依赖
<dependencies>
<!--SpringBoot核心模块,包括自动配置支持、日志和YAML-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Web模块-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--测试模块,包括JUnit、Hamcrest、Mockito-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--加载yml配置文件使用。-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--自动Get、Set-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
四、添加项目包,整理项目结构
说明,子模块的pom中加入的依赖项:spring-boot-starter-test、spring-boot-configuration-
processor、lombok不是必需的。因为演示例子中,加入了对yml配置转换为封装实体的样例。所以加入了spring-boot-
configuration-processor、lombok。
五、在build包下加入ApplicationServer.java的结构如下:
package com.yungoal.build;
import org.springframework.boot.Banner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
@ComponentScan({"com.yungoal"})
@SpringBootApplication
@PropertySource({"classpath:config/resource.properties"})
public class ApplicationServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(ApplicationServer.class);
application.setBannerMode(Banner.Mode.OFF);//关闭启动时的Banner展示
application.run(args);
//等价用法
//SpringApplication.run(ApplicationServer.class, args);
}
}
六、在resources/application.yml中结构如下:
server:
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 8080
servlet:
context-path: /app
tomcat:
uri-encoding: utf-8
constant:
company: Yungoal
address: 北京市上地九街数码科技广场
七、在resources/config/resource.properties中结构如下:
person.name: Sindrol
八、在constant常量文件夹下ConstantSetting.java中结构如下:
package com.yungoal.constant;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "constant")
public class ConstantSetting {
private String company;
private String address;
}
注意,这里使用的@ConfigurationProperties用来标注一个类,上文中将yml中前缀为constant的值映射到此实体中,它需要spring-
boot-configuration-processor包依赖。@Data 是为实体类自动生成get、set。
九、在config夹中ApplicationConfig.java类中,内容如下:
package com.yungoal.config;
import com.yungoal.constant.ConstantSetting;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfig {
public ApplicationConfig() {
System.out.println("ApplicationConfig inited ...");
}
@Bean
public ConstantSetting constantSetting() {
return new ConstantSetting();
}
}
说明:@Configuration表示一个Spring的xml配置文件。@Bean表示Spring的配置文件中的Bean配置。
十、简单调用
在domain中添加一实体:TestEntry.java,内容如下:
package com.yungoal.domain;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class TestEntry {
private Integer id;
private String name;
}
在controller中建一个HelloController控制器,然后内容如下:
package com.yungoal.controller;
import com.yungoal.constant.ConstantSetting;
import com.yungoal.domain.TestEntry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockMultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.context.annotation.RequestScope;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
/*
* 在ApplicationServer中使用了PropertySource配置了properties源后,从相应的源如resource.properties中加载值。
* */
@Value("${person.name}")
private String name;
/*
* Autowired区别于Resource的不同处在于,Autowired是按类别导入,如果想指定名称,可以配合Qualifier使用。
* */
// @Autowired
// @Qualifier("constantSetting")
@Resource
private ConstantSetting constantSetting;
/*
* 最简单的使用
* */
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "hello " + name + " !" + " from company " + constantSetting.getCompany();
}
/*
* 系统自动直接将实体序列化为JSON返回。
* */
@RequestMapping("/constant")
@ResponseBody //相当于把结果JSON处理后返回。
public ConstantSetting constant() {
return constantSetting;
}
/*
* 当使用Post请求,Content-Type=application/json调用测试: {"id":1,"name":"Sindrol"}
* */
@RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public TestEntry constant(@RequestBody TestEntry test) {
return test;
}
/*
* 当使用Get请求
* */
@GetMapping(value = "/test")
@ResponseBody
public TestEntry constant(@RequestParam int id, @RequestParam String name) {
TestEntry test = new TestEntry();
test.setId(id);
test.setName(name);
return test;
}
/*
* 当使用Get请求,并设置响应状态
* */
@GetMapping(value = "/request")
@ResponseBody
public TestEntry request(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam int id, @RequestParam String name) {
response.setStatus(500);
TestEntry test = new TestEntry();
test.setId(id);
test.setName(name);
return test;
}
/*
* 当使用Post请求表单类型,传送的值可空
* */
@PostMapping(value = "/form")
@ResponseBody
public TestEntry form(@Nullable @RequestParam("id") Integer id, @Nullable @RequestParam("name") String name) {
TestEntry test = new TestEntry();
test.setId(id);
test.setName(name);
return test;
}
/*
* 当使用Post请求form-data表单类型,注意在使用PostMan测试时,不要添加Content-Type头,会影响上传时真正使用的Content-Type的
* */
@PostMapping(value = "/file")
public String form(@RequestParam("filename") MultipartFile file) {
return "fileName:" + file.getOriginalFilename() + " fileSize:" + file.getSize() + " contentType:" + file.getContentType();
}
}
十一、运行ApplicationServer.java中的Main函数,并在浏览器中访问 http://127.0.0.1:8080/app/hello
即可看到下列效果:(中间的app虚拟应用名称是在application.yml中的server.servlet.context-path节点配置的)